Over time, roads experience wear from traffic, weather, and environmental conditions. Cracks, potholes, and uneven surfaces can compromise safety and efficiency. Repair and resurfacing not only restore appearance but also improve performance, reduce long-term maintenance costs, and support community safety.

Road lifespan is significantly influenced by the quality of construction, traffic load, and environmental conditions; however, without continual maintenance, even well-constructed roads deteriorate rapidly. According to the Australian Flexible Pavement Association (AFPA), to achieve maximum value for money over the life of a road asset, ongoing surface maintenance is critical. The AFPA outlines the "saw tooth model" of pavement life, which illustrates how pavement condition declines over time in a jagged pattern. Each “tooth” represents a cycle where the pavement deteriorates to a threshold, prompting maintenance or resurfacing interventions that temporarily restore its condition. Without timely interventions, the road would drop below acceptable service levels, leading to more costly rehabilitation or reconstruction. Regular, planned maintenance not only extends the pavement’s functional life but also reduces whole-of-life costs by avoiding expensive emergency repairs and minimising disruption to road users.